"Boys
and Girls" by Alice Munro highlights and emphasises the theme of
initiation. The story depicts initiation as a rite of passage according to
gender stereotypes and a loss of innocence. Conformity plays a vital role in
determining the outcome of the narrator's passage into adulthood. Throughout
the story, the narrator is confronted with conflicting thoughts and ideas
regarding her initiation into adulthood. Ultimately, she wishes to work with
her father, and stay a 'tomboy,' but
through a conflict with her mother and grandmother, she comes to realise that
she is expected, like the women before her, to adopt the gender stereotype
which comes with her growing and passing into adult hood. Similarly, her
younger brother, Laird, is also initiated, but into man-hood, something he
yearns for.
In order to portray the characters, to describe the settings of events vividly and expressively the author uses such stylistic devices as:
In order to portray the characters, to describe the settings of events vividly and expressively the author uses such stylistic devices as:
Metaphors: (After the pelt had been stretched
inside-out on a long board my father scraped away delicately, removing the
little clotted webs of blood vessels, the bubbles of fat; the wind harassed us
all night, coming up from the buried fields, the frozen swamp, with its old
bugbear chorus of threats and misery; my eyes smarting and streaming; the
bubbles of fat; the smell of blood and animal fat.- to make the reader better understand the descriptions,
to make the descriptions brighter)
Epithets: (I could hear his long, satisfied,
bubbly breaths: derisive eyes; winter-paled face – to give Henry evaluative
characteristic), (They were beautiful for their delicate legs and heavy,
aristocratic tails and the bright fursprinkled on dark down their back” – to
contribute to the vividness of the description.)
Personification:
“the wind harassed us all night, coming up” – to add expressiveness to the action.
Similes: (I found it reassuringly seasonal,
like the smell of oranges and pine needles – the smell of blood is compared to the other smells that the
girl finds as rare phenomenon in their house; when snowdrifts curled around our
house like sleeping whales – to add expressiveness)
Oxymoron: (Henry
didn't answer me. Instead he started to sing in a high, trembly,
mocking-sorrowful voice. – to render Henry’s emotions brighter)
Hyperbole: (“It seemed
to me that work in the house was endless”– to emphasize).
Imagery: The "odor of the fox
itself" (imagery pertaining to smell) is something the narrator describes
as "reassuringly seasonal" and a comfort to her at night. Images of light and dark: the
"brightly lit downstairs world," contrasted with the "stale cold
air upstairs." Light = warmth and
safety; dark = cold and fear.
Further images of
light and dark in her room: provide the narrator and her brother with
boundaries of safety. At night, as long
as the lights are on, they are "safe."
Henry Bailey's laugh
(imagery pertaining to sound): the children "admired" the sound of
"whistlings and gurglings...faulty machinery of his chest." Despite his sickness, Henry Bailey also
provides a source of emotional comfort and protection.
Description of the
foxes pens as "a medieval town" (sight imagery): symbolizes the
safety and security her father is able to provide, both for the foxes and for
her.
Description of the
"hot dark kitchen in summer" (mostly sight but some sound imagery):
shows that the narrator feels caged in by inherently female tasks and contrasts
directly with the freedom she feels when working outside, like a man.
The fact that the
narrator remains unnamed throughout the story could be symbolic of her search
for an identity throughout the story.
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